Relationship between photosynthesis and fruit quality of ‘Clemenules clementine’ mandarin variety budded on various rootstocks

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Yeşiloğlu T., Çimen B., Yılmaz B., İncesu M.

International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences, cilt.4, sa.3, ss.236-243, 2020 (Hakemli Dergi)

Özet

‘Clemenules’ (Nules, Clementina de Nules) has been a very popular variety in fresh mandarin markets especially in

the Mediterranean region countries. It is commercially grown on sour orange rootstocks in the calcareous soils of Turkey.

However, production of ‘Clemenules’ needs a substituted rootstock in addition to sour orange due to hypersensitive

of sour orange to the “Citrus Tristeza Virus”. ‘Clemenules’ mandarin grafted onto ten rootstocks was evaluated

in order to determine the influences of rootstocks on fruit yield, quality and photosynthetic variables of the scion as

well as their relationship. Rootstocks significantly affected (p<0.05) fruit yield and using Volkameriana significantly

increased fruit yield of ‘Clemenules’ (44.71 kg tree-1). Similarly, sour orange and Volkameriana rootstocks positively

affected fruit weight and height (p<0.05). Total acids (%) and ripening index varied within rootstocks and FA-517

resulted the highest total acids in fruits juice samples of ‘Clemenules’ whereas the lowest ripening index was determined

in fruits grafted on Flhorag1. Leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl) and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence in the

light adapted stage (Fv’/Fm’) of the scion differed based on rootstocks. In addition to fruit yield and characteristics,

rootstocks also significantly affected variables related to photosynthesis. Cleopatra mandarin, sour orange and Volkameriana

increased the photosynthetic rate (PN), while transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (gS) of the

scion were higher on Volkameriana rootstocks. FA-5 maintained the highest water use efficiency (WUE) in comparison

to other rootstocks evaluated. The present research has clearly shown that rootstocks were able to influence the

quality of fruits and the physiological activity. Regarding fruit yield and photosynthetic performance of ‘Clemenules’

mandarin variety, Volkameriana and sour orange performed well. However, considering the calcareous soils of the

Mediterranean Region, FA-5 citrandarin proved to be potential rootstock for enhanced photosynthetic rate and WUE.